Review on the article Envy at work, Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson

Presentation In the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson attested that, â€Å"Envy in the work environment can contribute colossally to the ruin of any organization.† In many cases, the final product ends up being harming to the begrudged and the envier.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Review on the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In accordance with this, the writers contend that jealousy can be hard to oversee particularly when the envier is in a condition of forswearing. Abstemiousness will in general be basic because of the unsocial idea of jealousy and the manner in which it shows itself when left untamed. Moreover, in the article, the writers talk about jealousy in the work environment and proposed different manners by which it can to be forestalled or maintained a strategic distance from (2). Sign of jealousy To give an ideal ca se of how jealousy could be the wellspring of stressed connection between companions or partners, two associates in particular Scott and Marty used to be colleagues in a counseling firm. The two of them had an ideal presentation record and viewed it as the center characters of the group. In as much as both were serious, they had various characters, Marty was to a greater extent an entertainer, however Scott was even more a social individual who had his systems administration aptitudes all around cut out. Scott increased more acknowledgment and consideration when contrasted with Marty because of his social attributes. Marty then again got less consideration and he forgot about Scott’s characteristics and guaranteed that individuals will just perceive who is unrivaled paying little mind to character (Menon Thompson 3). Scott later earned an advancement at the work spot and this bothered Marty and made him jealous of Scott. At long last, because of jealousy Marty nearly disrupte d Scott’s introduction. Rather than Scott losing his employment, Marty is asked to take a hike and he lost his employment. This unmistakably demonstrates how the jealousy of one partner towards another can make one quit concentrating on his accomplishments and rather battle to attack different person’s positions. At long last this just prevails with regards to harming the envier s notoriety and regard (Menon Thompson 3).Advertising Looking for article on business correspondence? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson further pinpointed that most directors lean toward getting thoughts from their partners in various associations rather than getting thoughts from inward associates. This thought has brought about organizations investing more on energy and cash recruiting advisors yet the association comprises of individuals who can execute the activity likewise or far and away superior. The issue of inside contention will in general harm an association regarding losing its key individuals to different associations where their thoughts are increasingly valued (4). Overseeing Envy The writers in their article recommended manners by which jealousy can be restrained and overseen in a way that doesn't harm an associations development. The initial step is distinguishing things that make an individual jealous of others. Additionally, asking things that cause a person to feel uncertain. They propose concentrating on one’s advancement instead of focusing on different colleagues or people improvement. That way one can check individual advance and maintain a strategic distance from desirous sentiments from coming up each time an associate advances. Another significant viewpoint includes recognizing ones qualities since everybody has something that the person is acceptable at (Menon Thompson 5). So as to oversee envy in a group, the creators proposed straightforward strate gies, for example, the sharing of brilliance. At whatever point a group performs well, the directors need to praise all colleagues and furthermore advance a few individuals. This will assume a tremendous job in making a decent relationship and supporting future pioneers. Another significant methodology incorporates making what shows up scant to be in wealth. This will decrease rivalry for assets and subsequently abridge levels of jealousy among partners. The association ought to likewise give coworkers who show up as desirous of each other, various degrees of impact with the goal that they would not need to brush shoulders attempting to exceed each other. By so doing, they will be measured dependent on various measurements. The creators cautioned directors to dodge specific gestures of recognition whereby they reliably focus on chosen not many and overlooking other colleagues who clearly add to the team’s accomplishment in one manner or the other. Community oriented thoughts and developments should be empowered in associations so as to support sharing of thoughts among individuals from an association and gaining from one another.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Review on the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion The writers express that jealousy falls into place without any issues and naturally, however can be controlled or overseen and bridled to improve an individual’s execution and furthermore the presentation of colleagues (Menon Thompson 6). Finally, the creators attested that â€Å"by contemplating helpless minutes and practicing new propensities, one can change an inappropriate and hurtful feeling into a methods for improving both execution and managing coworkers.† Comments From this content, I for one would debilitate jealousy to come in the middle of an associations progress in light of the fact that as a rule, it winds up making ill will among partners and in the long run they wind up contriving methods of undermining their collaborators. The sole looser turns into the association in light of the fact that thus, it loses its bests supervisors and laborers to different associations. Works Cited Menon, Tanya, and Thompson Leigh. â€Å"Envy at work.† Harvard Business Review. April 2010: 1-6. Print. This paper on Review on the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson was composed and put together by client Isabela Blackwell to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.

Richter Magnitude Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Richter Magnitude - Essay Example Created by Charles F. Richter in 1934, the scale quantifies the greatness of a quake, with 0 being a little seismic tremor that is for the most part not felt, going up to a size 12, which would resemble an enormous, miles-wide meteor hitting the world's surface. The estimation recipe in scientific terms is An is the sufficiency, in millimeters, estimated straightforwardly from the photographic paper record of the Wood-Anderson seismometer, an uncommon kind of instrument. The separation factor originates from a table that can be found in Richter's (1958) book Elementary Seismology, (Louie, J., 1996). The arrangement is the neighborhood size of the seismic tremor. When estimating the size of a quake, the distinction between a greatness seven and extent six tremor is multiple times more grounded, though the contrast between a size eight and size six seismic tremor would be multiple times more grounded. This is because of the logarithmic premise of the scale. Every entire number increment in extent speaks to a ten times increment in estimated plentifulness; as a gauge of vitality, every entire number advance in the size scale relates to the arrival of around multiple times more vitality than the sum related with the first entire number worth, (USGS, 1989). In America, numerous quakes will in general happen on the West Coast. ... A quake in a thickly populated region which brings about numerous passings and significant harm may have a similar greatness as a stun in a remote region that does simply scare the natural life. Huge extent tremors that happen underneath the seas may not be felt by people, (USGS, 1989). On account of this quake in Alaska, the majority of the harm was because of avalanches. In 1906 in San Francisco, California, a quake estimating 8.3 on the Richter Scale brought about flames which caused more harm than the seismic tremor itself. (USGS, 1989) References Louis, J. (1996). Richter Magnitude. Seismo.unr.edu. Recovered November 1, 2006 from http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/bar/louie/class/100/magnitude.html USGS. (1989). The Serverity of an Earthquake. US Government Printing Office. (1998-288-913). Recovered November 1, 2006 from http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/earthq4/severitygip.html

A sample of life in the past week

A sample of life in the past week So much has happened since my last entry, it seems impossible to catch up. First off, our hearts go out to everyone at Virginia Tech. While I can’t imagine what it must be like to face such a tragedy, I think I can speak for all of MIT in saying that our thoughts and hearts are with the Hokies. Looking back, Campus Preview Weekend was awesome and I was so happy to meet so many of you. I hope you all make the right decision and come to MIT =) If any of you saw the Wall Street Journal today, the front page has an article about Susan Athey, a 36-year old Harvard University professor who just won the John Bates Clark medal, which is “awarded every two years to the nation’s most promising economist under the age of 40. No woman had won the medal in its 60-year history.” Two years ago, MIT Professor Daron Acemoglu won the award. “Professor Athey has been a rising star in economics since her doctoral dissertation- on a new way to analyze how people respond to rising uncertainty- creating a stir on the academic job market in 1995, leading the nation’s top economics departments to court her. She ultimately chose the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Mass., but later moved to Stanford and then last year returned to Cambridge to join Harvard. She is one of a number of female economists who have risen to prominence in recent years. They include MIT’s Esther Duflo, who focuses on field experiments and development economics; Amy Finkelstein, also of MIT, who does health economics; and University of Chicago financial economist Monica Piazzesi.” Anyway, I just thought that was exciting, though I’m sure Mitra could speak at greater lengths about the strength of our economics department. Back to CPW… at the Meet the Bloggers event, I got to speak to a pre-frosh, Leah, who said she loves looking at pictures and wanted me to put up more. So, Leah, these are for you =) The night of Friday the 13th (oooh): Dinner with recent Intel Science Talent Search Finalists (pre-frosh and current students): Somehow I forgot to take pictures at the Meet the Bloggers event. Those of you who came will surely remember my stupid speech… and the ice cream. Saturday the 14th: Montgomery Blair High School reunion: Activities Fair: Dawn ’08 and I staffed the MIT Undergraduate Research Journal’s table (we’re co-Editors-in-Chief). Also pictured is one of my best friends, Maria ’08 (who I’ve been going to school with since 6th grade) and KyNam ’07, preparing for a Bhangra performance. Battle of the Bands!: The highlights of the night were definitely the killer performances of Ben Jones’s band and the dynamic duo of Ben and Marilee Jones, and also the crowd surfing beaver! Sunday the 15th â€" Tuesday the 17th: The forecast called for 10-18 inches of snow, so I was a little hesitant to go through with our plans to take a trip to the White Mountains in New Hampshire. But, Ben and Matt convinced me that I wouldn’t die, and promised that if we got snowed in then they would send a helicopter =) Off we went in the rental car that we got thanks to Budget’s affiliation with MIT. An hour into the trip, we realized that we had forgotten to take the keys to our rental house. A couple calls later, the owner of the house said that she had a spare key in a lock box but she couldn’t quite remember the combination. We took the risk and drove up anyway, and after a few tense minutes of guessing numbers, we were granted entry =) It only ended up snowing about 2 inches, and unfortunately it rained the rest of the time. But, we still had an awesome time chilling in the resort’s heated outdoor pool, playing X-Men in arcade room, watching Japanese version of The Ring, and making sandwiches in our little cottage. This one was taken right before Boris hit me with a snowball Wednesday-Friday: Work, sleep a little, work, work, MURJ, work, lab, work. Last night: The Relay for Life “is a fun-filled overnight event designed to celebrate survivorship and raise money for research and programs of your American Cancer Society. During the event, teams of people gather at schools, fairgrounds, or parks and take turns walking or running laps. Each team tries to keep at least one team member on the track at all times.” I walked for a couple of hours with my teammates from Tau Beta Pi, an Engineering Honors Society. My favorite line of the event was when the M.C. tried to encourage us to yell “American Cancer Society” by saying: “The louder you yell, the more you hate cancer.” We definitely really hated cancer. Sorry that this was all sort of random, but I’m trying to compensate for a recent lack of entries by cramming them all into one! By the way, today is 70 degrees and absolutely gorgeous.

Canadian Governments Fiscal Year

If youve ever dealt with publicly-traded companies or government entities, you know that they keep a different calendar for things such as quarterly earnings and budget  reporting. In most cases (but not all), the fiscal year calendar they follow isnt the standard January 1 through December 31. For the purposes of bookkeeping and financial reporting, companies and governments in most countries follow whats known as a fiscal year. Simply put, a fiscal year is the financial year of an organization for accounting purposes. Its a 52-week period that doesnt end on Dec. 31. The fiscal year for most American companies, especially those listed on a public stock exchange, is typically July 1 to June 30.   The calendar a company or organization follows is what determines how its taxes and expenditures are calculated by taxing bodies such as the Internal Revenue Service in the U.S. or the Canada Revenue Agency in Canada.   Canadas Fiscal Year The fiscal year of the Canadian federal government and the countrys provincial and territory governments is April 1 to March 31, just like most other British commonwealths (and Britain itself). This is different than the tax year for Canadian citizens, however, which is the standard January 1 to December 31 calendar year. So if youre paying personal income taxes in Canada, youll follow the calendar year. There are some circumstances under which a Canadian business may request a change to its fiscal year calendar. This requires a written appeal to the Canada Revenue Service, and it cant be done just to get a particular tax advantage or for reasons of convenience. If youre seeking a change to your fiscal year, be prepared to explain why to the CRA. Heres an example of a potentially valid reason for changing a companys fiscal year: Joes Swimming Pool Supply and Repair Company operates 12 months out of the year, but he sells fewer swimming pools and does fewer maintenance calls in the winter than in the spring and summer. For Joe, it makes fiscal sense for him to operate on a fiscal year calendar that more closely aligns with the natural cycle of the business. Reasons for a Fiscal Year Calendar For companies that are legally required to have their financial returns audited, it may be more cost-effective to hire auditors and accountants at a slower time of year, when tax preparers are in lower demand. Thats not the only reason to follow an alternate calendar. For school districts, following a fiscal year that closely matches the school year (July 1 to June 30, for example) makes more sense than a calendar year that ends when the school year is barely half over. Retail businesses that see most of their revenue come in the form of holiday gift purchases may opt to include December and January in the same quarter for revenue reporting purposes, rather than letting December skew the entire years financial results.

Lewis Carroll Quotes Alice in Wonderland

When you read Alice in Wonderland, you will find yourself trying to make sense of an illogical story. Alice, the key character, also experiences similar frustrations. But in the end, she emerges wiser with the learning involved in each situation. Everyone faces absurd choices in life. If you shrug off these choices as anomalies to your perfect life, you gain nothing. But if you try to learn from these absurdities, you will gain a lot of wisdom. The Caterpillar: What size do you want to be?Alice: Oh, Im not particular as to size, only one doesnt like changing so often, you know.Alice: Would you tell me, please, which way I ought to go from here?The Cat: That depends a good deal on where you want to get toAlice: I dont much care where.The Cat: Then it doesnt much matter which way you go.Alice:Â  So long as I get somewhere.The Cat: Oh, youre sure to do that, if only you walk long enough.The Cat: By-the-bye, what became of the baby? Id nearly forgotten to ask.Alice: It turned into a pig.The Cat: I thought it would.March Hare: Have some wine.(Alice looked all round the table, but there was nothing on it but tea.)Alice: I dont see any wine.March Hare: There isnt any.Alice: Then it wasnt very civil of you to offer it.March Hare: It wasnt very civil of you to sit down without being invited.March Hare:Â  Then you should say what you mean.Alice: I do; at least - at least I mean what I say — thats the same thing, you know.Hat ter: Not the same thing a bit! Why, you might just as well say that, I see what I eat is the same as I eat what I see!March Hare: You might just as well say, that I like what I get is the same thing as I get what I like!The Dormouse: You might just as well say, that I breathe when I sleep is the same thing as I sleep when I breathe!Alice: What a funny watch! It tells the day of the month, and it doesnt tell what oclock it is!The Hatter: Why should it? Does your watch tell you what year it is?Alice: Of course not, but thats because it stays the same year for such a long time together.The Hatter:Â  Which is just the case with mine.The Duchess: Youre thinking about something, my dear, and that makes you forget to talk. I cant tell you just now what the moral of that is, but I shall remember it in a bit.Alice: Perhaps it hasnt one.The Duchess: Tut, tut, child! Everythings got a moral, if only you can find it.The Duchess: Be what you would seem to be — or, if youd like it put mor e simply — Never imagine yourself not to be otherwise than what it might appear to others that what you were or might have been was not otherwise than what you had been would have appeared to them to be otherwise.br/>Alice: I think I should understand that better, if I had it written down: but I cant quite follow it as you say it.The Dormouse: Youve got no right to grow here.Alice: Dont talk nonsense. You know youre growing too.The Dormouse: Yes, but I grow at a reasonable pace, not in that ridiculous fashion.Alice: I didnt know that Cheshire cats always grinned; in fact, I didnt know that cats could grin.The Duchess: You dont know much; and thats a fact.Alice: But Im NOT a serpent, I tell you! Im a — Im a —The Pigeon: Well! WHAT are you? I can see youre trying to invent something!Alice: I — Im a little girl.The Pigeon: A likely story indeed! Ive seen a good many little girls in my time, but never ONE with such a neck as that! No, no! Youre a serpent; and theres no use denying it. I suppose youll be telling me next that you never tasted an egg!

Howard Zinn Free Essays

A People’s History of the united States Chapter 9 Summary Chapter nine of Howard Zinn’s book explains slavery before and after the Civil War. The majority of the united States Government was in support of slavery until Abraham Lincoln publicized his support for the end of slavery. This chapter Includes details of slavery from the accounts of different slaves and records kept about their oppression. We will write a custom essay sample on Howard Zinn or any similar topic only for you Order Now Their servitude was preserved through the separation of their families, whipping, and killing. Prior to the Civil War there were many failed attempts to abolish slavery, such as John Brown’s Raid. John Brown was later executed by Virginia for his failure to capture the federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry which instigated a revolt of slaves throughout the South. The government did not wish to achieve the abolishment of slavery through revolts. Abraham Lincoln was able to combine the interests of the white elite and the blacks. When Lincoln was elected, the South felt that their way of life was being threatened over the issue of abolishing slavery. This threat caused eleven states to secede the union after Lincoln’s election. This secession created the Confederacy, starting the beginning of the Civil War. With Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation he tried to end the war. This gave the South four months to end Its rebellion, slavery In the states that turned over to the North would not be touched. Through the Emancipation Proclamation, blacks were now able to serve In the union army which was later issued January 1, 1863. The Thirteenth Amendment was later ratified by the Senate in April 1 864 and the House of Representatives followed in January 1865. All people born or naturalized in the united States are citizens was declared by the Fourteenth Amendment, which limited states’ rights concerning racial equality. The Fifteenth Amendment states that all citizens have the right vote and they shall not be denied on reason of race, color, or previous condition of enslavement. These amendments opened the door to Congress passing laws to make it a crime to deny blacks of their rights. Blacks began forming political organizations with these laws. Andrew Johnson, who was Lincoln’s Vice President and ecame President after Lincoln’s assassination, held back the blacks. He vetoed bills that Improved the rights of the blacks. These vetoes did not guarantee equal rights for blacks. The Senate and Congress did not like the actions of Johnson. The Congress, in 1868, were almost successful in their attempt to impeach Johnson and were only one vote short in the Senate. The election of Ulysses Grant as president would reopen the doors for blacks, they began to be elected into the United States Congress, Senate, and southern state legislatures. Black women began helping to rebuild postwar south and black children began going to school. Although it looked as if blacks were starting to become equals there was still a lot of antagonism towards them and dependency on whites for work. The Ku Klux Klan and other terrorist groups were formed through the use of the South’s economic power. Not much later were thing back to where they began. It would still be a long time before blacks began to be treated as equals. A People’s History 0T states cnapter 10 summary How to cite Howard Zinn, Papers Howard Zinn Free Essays Howard Zinn: A People’s History of the United States This book explains the history of America starting from 1492 until the present. The history is told from the common people’s point of view. During my presentation I summarized chapters six through ten. We will write a custom essay sample on Howard Zinn or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chapter six was titled â€Å"The Intimately Oppressed† and it refers to the inequalities in the lives of women during and after the revolution. Even though African American women had it the hardest, he referred to more women such as Caucasian, Native American and European women. African American women did more hard labor and were often sexually abused. In the early years women were used primarily as sex slaves, child bearers and companions. Anne Hutchinson was a good speaker and held meetings that many women and a few men attended. She ended up being banished from her colony because the government felt that she was challenging their authority and the church for heresy. A woman’s job during this era was to maintain religion, cook, clean and anything else that involved house duties or tending to their husband or children. Chapter 7 was titled â€Å"As Long as Grass Grows or Water Runs† and it refers to how the Indians were the most foreign. Land between the Appalachians and Mississippi were cleared for white occupancy. They had called it the Indian removal. In the south it was cleared for cotton and in the north it was cleared for grain. Indians had fought alongside the British during the Revolutionary war, but since they were already on their own land, they kept fighting after the British had left. The Indians had to deal with a lot of mistreatment from the government and they made them feel as if they were aliens on their own land. Chapter 8 was titled â€Å"We Take Nothing by Conquest, Thank God† and it refers to the Mexican-American war. He states that the reality of the war was much different from what the historians have portrayed it to be. James Polk, who was the president at the time, had misrepresented the conflicting response to the war and the newspapers supported his actions. The soldiers that did not have much were preyed upon their distresses. When the soldiers had returned home from fighting in the war, speculators had showed up to buy the land warrants that was given to them by the government. The soldiers were so desperate for money that they ended up taking whatever they could get, even if it meant getting shorted. Chapter nine was titled â€Å"Slavery Without Submission, Emancipation Without Freedom† and refers to how the government had supported slavery because it was profitable for them. John Little was a slave and these were his words, â€Å"They say slaves are happy because they laugh and are merry. I myself and three or four others, have received two hundred lashes in the day and had our feet in fetters, yet at night we would sing and dance. † Zinn believes that racism and slavery was created to enforce the economic system. He believes racism is not natural because of problems between slaves and servants. The production of cotton was growing every year because the capture of slaves had reached to about 4 million. Conspiracies and slave rebellions had developed a network of controls in the southern states, hacked by laws, armed forces, courts and race prejudice of the nation’s political leaders. He stated that to end such a deeply entrenched system that it would either take a full-scale slave rebellion or a full-scale war. Chapter ten was titled â€Å"The Other Civil War† and it refers to Anti-rent movement. The tenants agreed not to pay any more rent to the Rensselaer estate until they could be redressed of their grievances. The tenants felt that they were doing to their landlord what he had done to them for a long time. How to cite Howard Zinn, Essay examples

Digital Marketing

Question: Write a report about the social media marketing. Answer: 1.0 Introduction According to Alharbie (2015), marketing is a process or activity in which communication is done between the producer and the customer. This helps an organization to create an awareness of the product or the services. Marketing helps an organization to have a competitive advantage over their organization. In the recent decade social media marketing strategy has evolved as a new form of marketing procedure. Technology has also helped social media marketing to develop at a rapid pace. In this assignment, the researcher has discussed the social media marketing strategy of Optus Communication. The researcher has also analyzed the four-step social model of marketing strategy which will help the organization to reach a new horizon. 1.2 Background of the organization Optus communication is a giant name in the field of telecommunication industry. The organization is the second largest telecommunication company in the field of entertainment and communication industry in Australia (Optus 2016). The organization has started its business in the year 2001 (Optus 2016). Headquarters of Optus Communication is situated at Sydney in Australia. The organization performs its activities under the name of Optus brand. Optus Communication provides mobile services, internet services and along with these, the organization is also diversifying in producing mobile phones. Optus communication is well established in Australia, and the chairperson of the organization is Paul OSullivan. The organization has employee strength of over eight thousand and generates revenue of 8.93 billion Australian dollars (Optus 2016). Optus Communication had started its business back in the year 1981 as a government owned organization. The name of the organization was AUSSAT Pty Ltd and it used to produce satellites for the military services (Optus 2016). The company faced losses in the year 1985 and since then has been converted into a private organization (Optus 2016). After privatization, the organization uses to provide long distance calling facility at a cheaper rate. The organization also built fiber optic cables to connect the local places and provide hassle free services. All these have made Optus communication a favorite among the other competitors. More recently Optus Communication has been able to generate a strong Research and development department to emerge as a leader (Optus 2016). 2.0 Four step model social marketing As stated by Baidya (2014), social media marketing strategy is a popular technique which is used by many organizations in the recent century. Optus Communication has used Social media marketing to reach out to their customers quickly. Social media marketing helps the organization to make aware the mass about their products and services. Social media marketing strategy of Optus Communication is completely different from that of traditional marketing. The organization has divided the social media marketing strategy into four steps. Identifying the goal. Finding out target customers. Setting the benchmark of performances. Scheduling resource management. 2.1.1 Identifying Goal The goal of the Optus Communication is to be the top leader in the field of telecommunication industry. Social media marketing has helped the organization to reach to a number of customers. This will help Optus communication to increase the probable customer potential (Berry 2014). A strong customer base will help Optus Communication to increase its sales. A loyalty of the brand will also be created with the help of Social media marketing. Optus Communication always set goals which are realistic in nature. Within 2017, Optus Communication has a goal to spread across Australia and inform the young generation about their product. According to Cambria et al. (2012), the organization is also targeting to inform near about one million people with the help of social marketing. Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram will help Optus Communication to achieve its goal. Optus Communication also changes its goals based on the performance of social marketing strategies. This is helpful to create a bett er awareness of the product. 2.1.2 Identifying customers Finding out audience is also a challenge for the organization. Different social media have a different group of target customers. Facebook is the best medium for Optus Communication to identify customers. Almost about ninety percent of the population of Australia is connected to Facebook (Carlson and Lee 2015). Promotions and advertising in Facebook will help the organization to increase their customer base. LinkedIn will also help Optus Communication to create corporate customers, and the organization can also create premium customers with the help of LinkedIn. Twitter will also help the organization to reach a large portion of the untapped market. 2.1.3 Setting benchmark performances The benchmark performance of the organization is also an important concern. According to Gupta, Tyagi and Sharma (2013), benchmark is determined by tracing the number of persons who are hitting the site of the organization. Optus Communication keeps a track of the number of hits in a day. Along with these, the number of likes in the group of Optus community on Facebook is also an important benchmark for the organization. Optus Communication has set a minimum like of 100 potential customers in their group on Facebook. Increasing number of Twitter followers, tweets on the comments is also helping Optus communication to increase their customers (Kim and Ko 2012). Increasing group members in LinkedIn is also an indication that the social media marketing strategy is showing a positive movement. Tracking Blog traffic is also helpful for Optus communication to increase its potential customers. 2.1.4 Scheduling resource management Optus Communication is using resource management techniques to utilize the resources at its maximum level. In this stage, Optus communication focuses on setting deadlines for the employees to enhance their social media marketing strategies. Social media marketing strategy of Optus Telecommunication is the part of personal relationship department (Lhr 2013). The organization also has both external and internal human sources to support the marketing strategies. Different employees handle the video editing, community management, and creative work. A well-developed marketing team of the organization is always engaged in finding out innovative social media strategies to attract new customers. 3.0 Social media used by Optus Communication According to Tuten and Solomon (2013), social media marketing strategy has become viral in the recent century. Many organizations are using social media to promote its product and services. Optus Communication has a strong research and development department which is always engaged in producing new products and service. They are also involved in spreading information about their products with the help of websites and different social media. 3.1.1 Website Marketing Website marketing is an important tool which is used in the recent century. In the present scenario, human beings are tech friendly, and they use the internet to get their desired information (Vries, Gensler and Leeflang 2012). In website marketing, Optus Communication gives the details of their product on their website. Even the prices of the products are also given on the website. A new app has been launched by the organization. With the help of this app, customers can buy the products with just a click. These have helped Optus Communication to increase their online sale. The customers are also satisfied as they can buy products without any problem, and the products are being delivered to their desired location. 3.1.2 Facebook promotion Facebook is an effective channel to communicate with the customers. Optus Communication has a Facebook page where all the recent activities of the organization are being posted. Special events like promotion, the launching of the new product, sponsorships by the organization are also being posted in the group (Carlson and Lee 2015). The fan following of the organization is also increasing recently. This shows that Optus Communication is using Facebook to create awareness about the product. 3.1.3 Promotion through YouTube YouTube has also become a popular tool which is being used by the public in their daily activity. Optus Communication has understood the mentality of the people and has created a short film of 5 minutes. In this short clipping, the organization has expressed their strengths and different types of products which the organization produces. This strategy will help Optus Communication to inform people about their product. Along with these, Pop-ups are also being used by the organization to promote their different activities. 3.1.4 Promotion through television and radios Television and radios are used by the organization to promote its product. According to Gupta, Tyagi and Sharma (2013), advertisement in television will quickly attract the attention of the customers, and this procedure is used by the organization. The organization has also sponsored different sports activities to attract customers attention. Radio has also made the marketing attractive by using taglines in a new manner. 4.0 Recommendation To improve social media marketing by using digital flex and banners. A regular monitoring of the content of advertisement will help to promote the product. To introduce a famous personality like sports person or politicians as brand ambassadors. To find out new social media like Instagram to promote the organization and products. 5.0 Conclusion The researcher has thoroughly discussed the different steps which have helped Optus Communication to develop its social marketing strategy. The strategy helps to find out the target customers and identify the goals of the organization. The loyalty to the brand is created with the help of media marketing. The organization has also set up a benchmark with the number of likes in the group. All these have helped Optus Communication to become a strong competitor in the field of the communication industry. References Alharbie, A. 2015, "Business Growth thru Social Media Marketing",International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies,vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 873. Baidya, M. 2014, "Special issue on Social media marketing",Journal of Indian Business Research,vol. 6, no. 1. Berry, K. 2014, "Social Media Marketing Brings New Mortgage Risks",National Mortgage News,vol. 38, no. 34, pp. 1. Cambria, E., Grassi, M., Hussain, A. and Havasi, C. 2012, "Sentic Computing for social media marketing",Multimedia Tools and Applications,vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 557-577. Carlson, A. and Lee, C.C. 2015, "Followership and social media marketing",Academy of Marketing Studies Journal,vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 80. Gupta, A., Tyagi, M. and Sharma, D. 2013, "Use of Social Media Marketing in Healthcare",Journal of Health Management,vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 293-302. Kim, A.J. and Ko, E. 2012, "Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand",Journal of Business Research,vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 1480. Lhr, T. 2013,Social Media-Marketing: Wirkungsweise und Erfolgskontrolle,Diplomica Verlag. Mehrabi, A., Islami, H. and Aghajani, M. 2014, "The Effect of Social Media Marketing on Customers' Brand Loyalty",International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 480. Optus, S. 2016.Optus - Mobile Phones, Broadband Internet, TV, Home Phone, Tablets. [online] Optus.com.au. Available at: https://www.optus.com.au/ [Accessed 31 May 2016]. Tuten, T.L. and Solomon, M.R. 2013,Social media marketing,Pearson, Upper Saddle River, N.J. Vries, L.d., Gensler, S. and Leeflang, P.S. 2012, "Popularity of Brand Posts on Brand Fan Pages: An Investigation of the Effects of Social Media Marketing",Journal of Interactive Marketing,vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 83.

History Of Computer Animation Essays - Phil Tippett, Stop Motion

History Of Computer Animation To look at him, you would not think that Phil Tippett is the creator of some of the most horrific and terrifying monsters ever witnessed by the human race. A quite normal-looking man of average height, with thinning grey hair, he has been at the forefront of movie animation for almost three decades. Phil Tippett is one of the greatest animators of all time, starting off with the age-old techniques of stop-motion and then moving on to the technical computer generated wizardry of today. I chose to write about him because I greatly admire the work he had done in the industry and he has witnessed first hand the technological advances that have occurred during the course of his career. I am also interested in him because as well as being involved in the field of cgi special effects (a career which I also wish to pursue), he was also closely involved in the ground-breaking (for the time) special effects and animation in the Star Wars Trilogy, which happens to be another love of mine . Born in 1951 in Illinois, Tippett has had a lifelong fascination with the art of animation. During his childhood he was fascinated by films such as King Kong and Jason and the Argonauts. He was fascinated by the surreal images in these movies and wanted to know how they were achieved. He went to his local library to research the subject and discovered the principles of stop motion. One of his favourite childhood hobbies was to make stop motion films with his fathers old movie camera. Tippett had been a lifelong devotee of stop motion as practiced by masters like Willis OBrien in King Kong (1933) and Ray Harryhausen in The 7th Voyage of Sinbad (1958) and Jason and the Argonauts (1963). Stop motion was, and still is an intricate, painstaking art in which animators pose and photograph miniature figures frame by frame. He wasnt alone. Just about every top animator or effects man today has favorite Harryhausen figurines, such as the part-rhino, part-centaur Cyclops, the serpent woman, and the two-headed Roc bird from Sinbad; or, from Jason, the harpies that are a cross between gargoyles and pterodactyls, and the seven-headed Hydra and its spawn (ILM). In traditional stop motion (still practiced by Henry Selick in marvels like The Nightmare Before Christmas and James and the Giant Peach), the camera records a series of subtly different poses rather than actual shifting, so the resulting flow of images is inherently surreal -- ultra-sharp and jerky. That is the reason that an audience can instantly tell when a creature has been animated in this way. If one was to look at a frame of film of a person running, they would see that the legs of the person in the frame are blurred. This was the thing that gave stop-motion away. If one were to pause a movie and look at a single frame, one would see that the movement was perfectly focussed and not blurred at all. Starting with the movie Dragonslayer in 1980, and later used on the Taumtaum creatures in Return of the Jedi, Tippe tt helped develop a new method of animating at ILM which became know as Go Motion.In go motion, motorized and computer-governed rods were attached to the models that were being animated. When each frame was shot, the rod moved to blur the movement on the film, thus giving a more realistic look of motion. In 1992, Tippett was hired to do the animation work for the film, Jurassic Park. He did not know it then, but he was about to embark on a journey that would forever change the way he, and many other artists like him worked. At the time, the director of Jurassic Park, Steven Speilberg thought that Tippetts Go Motion would do the trick for all the effects he wanted. Go motion was state-of-the-art in the early 90s. But there was trouble on the horizon. One of the computer artists at ILM presented Spielberg and company with a rough computer animation of the T. Rex circling the Land-Rover from one of the planned story board scenes in the movie. Computer animators at ILM, hired to embellish

History of Accounting From Ancient Times to Today

History of Accounting From Ancient Times to Today Accounting is a system of recording and summarizing business and financial transactions. For as long as civilizations have been engaging in trade or organized systems of government, methods of record keeping, accounting, and accounting tools have been in use. Some of the earliest known writings discovered by archaeologists are accounts of ancient tax records on clay tablets from Egypt and Mesopotamia dating back as early as 3300 to 2000 BCE. Historians hypothesize that the primary reason for the development of writing systems came out of a need to record trade and business transactions. Accounting Revolution When medieval Europe moved toward a monetary economy in the 13th century, merchants depended on bookkeeping to oversee multiple simultaneous transactions financed by  bank loans.   In 1458 Benedetto Cotrugli invented the double-entry accounting system, which revolutionized accounting. Double-entry accounting is defined as any bookkeeping system that involves a  debit and/or credit  entry for transactions. Italian mathematician and Franciscan monk Luca Bartolomes Pacioli, who invented a system of record keeping that used a memorandum, journal, and ledger, wrote many books on accounting. Father of Accounting Born in 1445 in Tuscany, Pacioli is known today as the father of accounting and bookkeeping. He wrote Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni et Proportionalita (The Collected Knowledge of Arithmetic, Geometry, Proportion, and Proportionality) in 1494, which included a 27-page treatise on bookkeeping. His book was one of the first published using the historical  Gutenberg press, and the included treatise was the first known published work on the topic of double-entry bookkeeping. One chapter of his book, Particularis de Computis et Scripturis (Details of Calculation and Recording), on the topic of record keeping and double-entry accounting, became the reference text and teaching tool on those subjects for the next several hundred years. The chapter  educated readers about the use of journals and ledgers; accounting for assets, receivables, inventories, liabilities, capital, income and expenses; and keeping a balance sheet and an income statement.   After Luca Pacioli wrote his book, he was invited to teach  mathematics  at the Court of Duke Lodovico Maria Sforza in Milan. Artist and inventor  Leonardo da Vinci  were one of Paciolis students. Pacioli and da Vinci became close friends. Da Vinci illustrated Paciolis manuscript  De Divina Proportione (Of Divine Proportion), and Pacioli taught da Vinci the mathematics of perspective and proportionality. Chartered Accountants The first professional organizations for accountants were established in Scotland in 1854, starting with the Edinburgh Society of Accountants and the Glasgow Institute of Accountants and Actuaries. The organizations were each granted a royal charter. Members of such organizations could call themselves chartered accountants. As companies proliferated, the demand for reliable accountancy shot up, and the profession rapidly became an integral part of the business and financial system. Organizations for chartered accountants now have been formed all over the world. In the U.S., the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants was established in 1887.

Immigration Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 1

Immigration Law - Essay Example The effectiveness of these three key features of the 2009 Act depends on politics and in some cases implementation. It is only along these lines that these three features will have an impact on present or future life in the UK. Border Control Part I of BCIA 2009 deals with the control of the UK’s borders (Border, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009, Part I). The simplification for travellers to Britain including returning residents follows from the government’s intention to provide for a â€Å"unified border force† under the auspices of the UK Border Agency (Millington and Williams 2010, p. 597). Essentially, the unified border force enables immigration officers to also assume the role of customs officers. This means that a single agency is responsible for detecting and detecting exploitation of immigration and customs laws at the UK’s ports of entry (Vine 2010, p. 3). For this present transfer of border checks to a single agency means that daily travelle rs will be spared having to report to two separate check points upon entering the UK. Traditionally, travellers had to present themselves to both immigration and customs officers in order to be cleared for entry. ... Moreover, the UK Border Agency works together with Law Enforcement and within the framework of the UK Counter Terrorism Strategy for the purpose of detecting and preventing entrants to the UK who may cause harm to the UK or its citizens (Grimwood 2009, p. 3). This degree of border security comes with a political climate where border security has grown in importance since the 11 September 2001 terror attacks in the US. This is evidenced by the tightened border security enlisted by Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 and the Borders Act 2007. Both act enhanced the authority for the control of immigration. Section 21 of the 2009 Act permits the exchange of information between the UK Border Agency and other government agencies (Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009, Section 21). The degree to which the UK Border Agency is permitted to share and exchange intelligence and information on travellers with law enforcement and other agencies at home and abroad, opens up the pos sibility that returning residents and foreigners will be vulnerable to intense scrutiny and invasion of privacy. Contacts at home and abroad may also come under intense scrutiny and be subjected to invasion of privacy should a traveller or returning resident with whom they are connected come under investigation or suspicion by the UK Border Agency or one of its partners. There is also a risk of discrimination and racial profiling as political and public concerns over the threat of terrorism persist (Vine 2010, p. 3). Together with the transfer to the Border Agency of the intrusive strip, search and entry powers previously granted to customs (Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009, Section 26), the risk of invasion of privacy and

Case study 9B Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case study 9B - Assignment Example 1. The first word that attracts attention in the statement is â€Å"digging up†. The ways to â€Å"sig up† the information can be different and not always ethical. Also, persuasiveness of delivering the news the way it is put in the statement strikes the eye as well. The matter is that while some interpret the statement as it is, others may find implications there and use them for their own benefit and to the damage of others. Sometimes the desire to be persuasive while delivering information results in extensive appeal to reader’s emotions, which can lead to the distortion of the information perception. In this case, an aggregator may act as a watchdog over the information; however, this means that it performs tasks uncharacteristic of it, meaning it will act like a critic rather than content placer. 2. The main difference here is the fact that the Associated Press licenses the content and then sell it to the authorized parties, which means the work is paid for. The Huffington Post, in its turn, simply rewrites the content and buries links using quite an aggressive approach to news aggregation. 1. Despite the fact that today many people tend to speak about the ethical side of the problem, for example, the infringement of a copyright, for the long-standing cooperatives, such as the Associated Press, the issue is mostly of economic nature. The matter is that because of news aggregation, such cooperatives lose significant sums of money while aggregators, such as the Huffington Post or Google News, profit from the information other gathered at great cost. If the aggregators paid for content, that might eliminate the ethical side other problem; at the same time, other problems might appear, mostly those associated with the changed character of such projects. 2. News is everywhere and is free; in fact, no one owns the news. It is rather the medium is owned by certain companies. The media

The Role of the Air Traffic Controller

The Role of the Air Traffic Controller Air Traffic Controller Redesigning the Job of Air Traffic Controller Introduction Job Design Job design may be referred as a way in which an entire job or a set of tasks is organized. Job design helps in determining the tasks and the way they are completed. It considers the factors that influence the work and arrange the job contents and tasks so that the job becomes less risky to the employee’s life. The administrative areas involved in it are job rotation, job enlargement, task/machine pacing, work breaks and working hours (Gupta, 2007). A soundly designed job encourages a variety of good body positions and helps foster feelings of achievement and self-esteem. Air Traffic Controllers The people who operate the air traffic control system to accelerate and maintain an orderly and safe flow of air traffic are called the Air traffic controllers. They help in preventing mid-air collisions of the planes. The ATC’s apply such separation rules that help in keeping each aircraft at a distance from others in their area of responsibility, thus moving all aircraft efficiently throughout their airspace. Due to the presence of large responsibility on controllers in the course of performing their duty, this profession is generally observed as one of the most complex jobs, and is notoriously stressful. Stress at Workplace There have been drastic changes in the nature of work over the last century and still the changes are undergoing at the speed of a whirlwind. Changes inevitably bring stress. So no professional is untouched by stress, starting from a surgeon to an artist or a sales executive to a commercial pilot. Work stress poses risk to the physical health of the employee and consequently influences the health of the organization (Mathew, 2003). Job stress in the early stages can ‘rev up’ the body and improve performance in the workplace (Prasad, 2008). Though, if this condition is permitted to go free and the body is revved up further, the performance will eventually decline and the persons health will degrade (Gupta, 2007). The symptoms of the stress can be insomnia, loss of mental concentration, anxiety, absenteeism, family conflict, anger and frustration. Job stress may arise due to job insecurity, high demand of performance, technological complexities, personal or family problem and workplace culture (Stress at Work, 2008). The final consequence of this job stress is the high turnover of the efficient and knowledgeable employees (Mathew, 2003). Air traffic controllers are an occupational group who has to manage a highly demanding job, which involves a complex series of tasks. These require a high level of knowledge and expertise, along with a high level of responsibility, with regard to risking lives and also the high economic costs of aeronautical activities. Productivity and Turnover As the flights run throughout the day and round the year, the air traffic control is a 24 hour and 365-days-a-year job. Only because of this reason, the controllers regularly work rotating shifts, including nights, weekends and public holidays. When the controllers are forced to work 40 hours a week instead of 32 hours a week and eight hours a shift without breaks; their efficiency and effectiveness reduces drastically. This also leads to the turnover of the controllers. The most suitable example showing the consequence of the above situation is the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) strike in 1981 in America. Due to the occurrence of the situations similar to the above, 89 percent controllers left the job before retirement age and about 40 percent of these left to collect disability retirement. Historical Background of the Position and Changes that Took Place over Years The history of air traffic control and the controller way backs to the 1930’s when the commercial air service was developed. The occurrence of some major accidents in the subsequent years reinforced their need. The pilots used to control the flight by just looking out of the window. During the 1920s and 1930s, radio telephony was begun to be used. There was a ‘Wireless Traffic Control’ by ‘control officers’. Marine radio stations were used for the purpose of air traffic communications, which were not operated by the professionals in the way they are operated now. During the 1930’s, a dedicated air traffic services organization came into being. Second World War brought the revolution in this field. With this, the new era of developments in the field of air traffic controlling started. Specific operational techniques were started being used. Controllers used to develop plans for flying with the pilot and made use of radiotelephony for it. The ins trument called radars was developed to trace the existence of the planes in the air. In due course the intensity and power of radar was increased to enable the controllers with specific information to take decision. They used to monitor through highly processed secondary surveillance radar (SSR) data. These data flows are rooted with well-defined controlled airspace and formal rules for controlling minimum separation permitted between aircrafts. Through this SSR, the controller watches call sign, displayed aircraft symbols, and height information, which are passed down from aircraft transponders. The navigation system has stirred to satellite-based aids from point source beacons. Ground-based short-term conflict alert systems are used in UK. This technique helps in warning pilots of the aircrafts coming into close area, thus reducing the work of controllers’ up to a great limit. Nowadays commercial aircrafts carry Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System, which is of great help to the pilots as well the controllers on the ground. As weather plays an important role in controlling the air traffic, weather displaying devices were also provided to them. Now they are provided with more acc urate weather information displays and can ensure a very effective control on the air traffic (Brooker, 2007). Fundamental Problems with the Current Job Design Air traffic control is one of the most stressful jobs. With the single decision of a controller, thousands of airline passengers’ lives can be affected. This results in the ulcers, heart conditions, hypertension and alcoholism among controllers. The chief sources of stress being reported by air traffic controllers are associated to two aspects. They are the operative aspect of their job and the organizational structures. The most important factors in the former case are the time pressure, peaks of traffic load, resolving variances in the use of rules and the limitations and consistency of equipments. The factors, which are related to organizational structure, are chiefly concerned with the unfavorable working conditions, shift schedules (particularly night work), role conflicts and a lack of control over the work (Air Traffic Controller Job Description, Career as a Air Traffic Controller, Salary, Employment Definition and Nature of the Work, Education and Training Requirement s, Getting the Job, 2008). Job Redesigning Viewing the condition of the air traffic controllers and the difficulties faced by them while performing their task, their job needs to be redesigned. Job redesigning will help in improving the health and safety of the air traffic controllers as well as improve the health of the organization. The steps, which may be undertaken to redesign the air traffic controller’s job, are: holding a stress prevention program on regular intervals and making it a part of the organizational culture. Attendance in this program should be made compulsory for all air traffic controllers. Next step, which can be undertaken, is the improvement in the transportation to work, canteens and sleeping facilities. The other could be to improve the technology and the work organization. Steps can be taken to improve the job planning involved in the job as well as to enhance the reliability of the working systems. The other steps in redesigning the job of the controller can be working time reduction, arrangi ng shift-schedules keeping in mind the social and psycho-physiological criteria, arranging work teams and rest pauses aligned with load of the work and enforcing such approaches that improve the participation of the air traffic controllers in decisions concerning them. Specifically, in the technological field, such computer software can be designed, which assists air traffic controllers. For example, more accurate computer enhanced radar will be beneficial. Such automated system can be designed and made available to the controllers, which once fed with the data relating to flight timings, will display all the further needed information to the controller. Thus, it will reduce the brainstorming exercises done by the air traffic controllers regarding the regular routs and the number of regular flights on the airport. The controllers can be provided with more efficient hearing and other communication devices to enable them transfer clear instructions, thus avoiding any decision fault. Making more use of instrument landing systems, which allows planes to make automatic landings and ensuring that planes are placed in holding patterns when airports are busy. Apart from the above things, special attention is required to be paid in the area of the structure of tasks and workplace, particularly the issues like lighting, noise, micro-climatic conditions and indoor air quality (Brooker, 2007). Impact the New Job Design on the Organization As a result of this, job redesign reduces much of the work load, work pressure, health hazards and turnover of the air traffic controllers. The stress prevention programs conducted by the organization will have a great impact on the performance and efficiency of the controllers and the organization. Extending their facilities of relaxing, canteen, transportation, shift redesigning and team building would motivate them to work with more vigor and efficiency, which would lead to a high organizational performance. The changes in the technology would surely enhance the performance and commitment of the controllers; reduce the stress at the work place; thus reducing the turnover of the controllers from the job (Mamoria Gankar, 2002). Thus, we can conclude that with the increasing pressure on the air traffic, air traffic controllers are facing many job related problems. The only solution to solve these problems is to redesign the job of the controllers. This would improve the working conditions as well as problem of health hazards in the air traffic controllers; thus improving the productivity and commitment towards the organizational goals. References Air Traffic Controller Job Description, Career as an Air Traffic Controller, Salary, Employment Definition and Nature of the Work, Education and Training Requirements, Getting the Job (2008). Retrieved April 12, 2008 from http://careers.stateuniversity.com/pages/814/Air-Traffic-Controller.html Brooker, P. (2007). Air Traffic Safety: Continued Evolution or a New Paradigm? Retrieved April 12, 2008 from https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/bitstream/1826/1967/1/Air%20Traffic%20Safety-Transport%20Risk%20Management%20Lecture-2007.pdf Gupta, C.B. (2007). Hunan Resource Management (3rd Edition), New Delhi: Sultan Chand and Sons. Mamoria, C. B Gankar, S.V (2002). Personal Management (22nd Edition). New Delhi: Himalaya Publishing House. Mathew, M.J. (2003). Fundamentals of Organizational Theory and Behavior, Jaipur: RBSA Publishers Prasad, L.M. (2008). Organizational Behavior (3rd Revised). New Delhi: Sultan Chand and Sons Educational Publishers. Stress at Work (2008). Retrieved April 12, 2008 from http://www.lifepositive.com/mind/psychology/stress/stress-at-work.asp

Standards of Rating Hotels in Russia

Intro  : â€Å"There are no international unified standards for awarding stars to hotels,† said Sergei Korneyev, director for the northwest at the Russian Tourism Industry Union. * Each country has its own system, and it is very inconvenient for tourists, since, for example, Egyptian stars differ from European ones. There have been many misunderstandings.WHAT IS :An hotel ranking is a system, taking into account a full range of factors including quality of accommodation, range of amenities, standards of service, atmosphere and prices as well as customers experience, and feedback in order to classify hotels There are currently about 30 national systems of hotel classification around the world. * Among them are the letters system used in Greece and the crowns system used in the U. K. , though the most widespread system is the star classification * While all hotels in Moscow claim a specific number of stars, there is no reliable, universal system of classification in operation. This can often lead to unrealistic expectations, disappointment, and it may be hard to know what to expect from your hotel in terms of standards, services, and amenities as a first-time travelers to Russia. Suchi Hotels first and then the entire country of Russia * Since July 2010 Sochi hotels were obliged to classify themselves by the demands of the International Olympic Committee (classification as the country gears up to host the 2014 Winter Olympic Games). The Governor of Krasnodar region decided to first expand this requirement to the whole region and now to the whole country.As new legislation passes, starting this summer season of 2012 only star-rated hotels were able to accommodate tourists. A little bit of History: * The first attempts to introduce classification standards in Russia were made in the Soviet era. In 1984, a document was drawn up dividing hotels into seven categories. The regulation existed until 1994 and was followed by three more certification documents. Fin ally, in 2005, a new system of state classification of hotels and guesthouses was launched, taking into account European experience. Previously, Russian hotels obtained star-category classification on a voluntary basis, but obtaining certification became obligatory after an order signed in June 2010.* There are 471 officially certified hotels in Russia — about 10 percent of the total number of 4,500 hotels, according to data from the Federal Tourism Agency. From Yesterday to Today: Review of the principal changes * It appears that often ‘stars' in Russia were given after considering formalities and did not reflect real comfort and service level. The main difference between the new and old classification systems is that, now, the expert appraisal and assignment of a Hotel to a particular category will be carried out by special organizations accredited by government agencies * Prior the classification of Hotels in Russia was carried out under a voluntary classification sy stem that was approved by the Federal Agency for Tourism (Rosturizm) in 2005 and largely based on standards and rules that were set back in the 1990s * Many hotels that are located in old buildings will need to invest a lot in engineering infrastructure and additional facilities to get the necessary number of points to obtain the certification and get the stars they want.Hotel Assesment Criteria: Each hotel will be awarded a number of points depending on the number of rooms and the services offered. * The requirements, relate to various aspects of Hotel operations: layout, condition of rooms, range and quality of services offered, etc. * For example: -A standard single room in a â€Å"five-star† hotel must be at least 14 m? in area, and the Hotel must also have a conference room with the relevant equipment. The waiting time for an elevator in four- and five-star hotels should be no more than 30 seconds, or 45 seconds in a three-star hotel. * The classification will be a paid procedure, and mandatory certification is expected to cost less than voluntary classification about ( today $1,500 for three- to four-star hotels with less than 100 rooms) * Hotels that fail to declare their status under the new rules will pay a fine, * Hotels without certification won’t have the right to use their unofficial rating in advertisements, and furthermore, limits may be applied to the activity of such hotels * ————————————————-Certificates will be issued for five years, but hotels will have to reaffirm their status twice a year. Just a few more things to remind: (only on the power point) Luxury Hotels * world-class 5-star hotels * Either  Historic Moscow Hotels  or Moscow branches of well-known international brands at the very top of the hotel market. Deluxe Hotels * executive standard 4-star or 5-star hotels * Must be centrally situated. Superior Ho tels * International 4-star ratings. * If  Superior Hotels  are not centrally located, then they must have good transport links to the city. Standard Hotels * International 3-star standards, including many new or fully renovated Russian hotels.   Standard Hotels are rarely central Tourist Class Hotels * Often built in the Soviet period, hotels of this class may not be fully renovated. * Representing the cheapest accommodation widely available in Russia *International 2-star standards * Situated in modern buildings in the suburbs. Budget Hotels * low-cost accommodation * No services are guaranteed. Conclusion: Classifications under the new system: mandatory or voluntary? * At present, the new classification system is applicable to all Hotels, but is mandatory only for Hotels offering the relevant services within the municipality of the city/resort of Sochi. * We note that the changes to he Hotel classification rules and the mandatory classification procedure for certain Hotels is without any doubt related to the XXII Olympic Winter Games being held in Russia.* We believe that the overall trend for the introduction of international standards in many sectors in Russia is connected with the ambition to join the World Trade Organization. For the Future: What’s next? * The World Hotel Rating (WHR) project, aims at setting international classification standards and rating criteria along the lines of a world star-rating system. * This project will establish an information platform on the hotel industry which will be multilingual and multicultural. * WHR intends to play a key role in the development of quality hotel services

Mystery City Report

Princess Elisabeth Research station (Belgium), Antarctica 71*57’ S-23*20’E. That is exactly where mystery city #7 is located. One of the clues the website journeynorth. com gave us was â€Å"We are located on a continent that is one of the coldest places on Earth. It is also one of the driest, considered to be mostly desert; but don’t expect to see sand. † This clue really helped because it pretty much told us our city was in Antarctica, but now we had to find out where in Antarctica. And clue number 2 kind of helped us with that. â€Å"We are located on part of a nunatak, almost 200 km from the coastline. We see petrels and skuas from time to time. Sorry we can't be more specific about the country we're located in — there are no countries here (or states, or cities)! † This clue really just told us that it was pretty close to the shore. But clue number 3 told us where in Antarctica our city was. â€Å"Down here our location isn't in a state or province, but Norway might say our location is within the boundaries of land which it claimed on this continent many decades ago. † We looked online at Norway claimed Antarctica and then knew where our city was around. The last Clue number 4 was the one that really helped. The clue was â€Å"Our place looks like a spaceship floating in a sea of white. We operate on renewable energy like wind and solar, so we are also green. † And a picture was involved. The picture helped us out so much because what we did was take our guesses and put it in Google images and if the picture matched the we knew we had it. And we did, we found it on our 3rd try. That’s how we found out our mystery city. Our photoperiod for mystery city number 7 increased by 14 hrs and 31 min! And our photoperiod compared to Franklin was actually almost around the same even though our city was in Antarctica. Our city is way far south from Franklin because we know it’s in Antarctica and Massachusetts is in the USA. So you can also tell that our city is in the southern hemisphere because of the latitude and longitude. We knew right away its was going to be somewhere cold because our first data we got was crazy which kind of gave us a general idea of where it was. All in all we have found out the our city is Princess Elisabeth Research station (Belgium), Antarctica and its absolute location is 71*57’ S-23*20’E.

Romeo and Juliet 5 Paragraphs about Love

In case you haven’t coped with the Romeo and Juliet story on your own, do not be in a hurry to read the book. In case you don’t feel like reading the printed text, make sure to watch the Franco Zeffirelli masterpiece with Olivia Hussey and Leonard Whiting. The 1968 version of the Shakespeare’s work of literature impresses even the most skeptical individuals. All in all, it is a really exciting and interesting play that remains highly emotional even in the XXI century. Don’t miss a chance to make an adventurous journey to the past using simple tips provided below. Producing the Romeo and Juliet 5-paragraph-essay requires the following skills: Descriptive (as we know, the love story was created for the stage only, a writer is supposed to develop vivid and colorful images in the reader’s mind); Analytic (for one is supposed to write based on one’s detailed analysis only); Understanding of dramatic techniques (various poetic/literary devices such as the following: irony, soliloquy, sonnet, asides, exaggeration and so on should be analyzed within the essay). When working on the essay on Romeo and Juliet you’re supposed to be armed with technical skills and avoid some approaches: No need to confuse your reader! If the essay is based on the play, make sure you never make it look like a novel. Provide your reader with a feeling of facing a real life drama. It is recommended to write an essay on Romeo and Juliet as if you’re watching it right now in a local theatre (not read a book or watch a movie!). 5 simple steps to quality Romeo and Juliet essay writing: When assigned with the task to analyze the work of literature, make sure to begin with the detailed analysis of the play according to several basic factors: culture, family, society, love, language, etc. Thus, the process of the essay writing will be easier, smoother and more coherent. Ready or not, but you must read the play in order to clarify the subject matter or a theme of the masterpiece – what is it that William Shakespeare is trying to picture within his work? Intro: create a special list of different points that are based on the analysis   provided earlier – find out what is relevant to the theme? Body (3 paragraphs): within these paragraphs you have to clearly and logically explain the most essential points you have mentioned in the introduction. Don’t be afraid to use properly cited quotations, references, examples, etc. Conclusion: here goes the ending assertion about what thoughts and feelings you have about the most dramatic death in the world literature. Link your ideas with the points listed in the intro/body of the essay. And finally, love is a powerful emotion that is brightly pictured within the famous play and writing on it requires respect for the feelings of the people who suffer in its name!