Work Essay

Work Essay Work Essay English Essay Atticus Finch "To Kill a Mocking Bird" was set back in the mid 1900's, racism was high and discrimination of the black was still running. The text "To Kill a Mockingbird", Atticus challenges the case of Tom Robinson for rape and abuse of Mayella Ewell, showing the protection of the of Tom Robinson skin colour and showing the defence of African American People . Atticus Finch is a man with strong values and who does the right thing. This is shown when he defends Tom Robinson despite the social stigma of representing a black man. He teaches Scout and Jem to be accepting of others, and refuse to fight back against Bob Ewell. Tom Robinson was falsely accused of rape & abuse of Mayella Ewell and her father Bob. Atticus is one of the few people in the town who is willing to defend Tom Robinsons case, but there are also others that is on his side. Atticus show a trusting attitude, which he is the most courageous character I know, because of his defence of Tom Robinson. Everything Atticus is doing for Tom Robinson is a step to change the life of the Maycombs town and toward the African American people, not by the charge of skin colour but also fair and equal rights to the community, and give same respect. Atticus is a character who display various form of courage, also show most courageous attitude out of all character. He refuse to give up the fight no matter what circumstances or losses will do to his life (himself) or his family. Atticus show a lot of courage and behaviour in many instances throughout the story, not by fighting or killing, but by standing up and believe d in a civilized way. He wants to b e a good example for his kids and instil in them a strong sense of moral values. Atticus Finch knew that he was not going to win and he WILL lose this case. No matter how much evidence that he had, the jury will still charge him because of his skin colour, but it did not mean that it will stop him from giving Tom the strongest defence he possibly can. Importantly, Atticus doesn't put so much effort into Tom's case because he's an African American, but because of his innocence. Atticus feels that the justice system is colour blind, and he defends Tom as an innocence man but not a man of colour. As a lawyer, Atticus is again an ideal character as fair and equal and is the best man at his job. The whole fact that he took Tom Robinson’s case and listened to his conscience, when he knew he would lose, showed what sort of character Harper Lee wanted Atticus to be. He knew that the justice system at that time was prejudiced and immoral and that it was certain that Tom Robinson would be found guilty. Atticus remains calm when provoked directly. For example, looking at how he handles Bob Ewell's challenge: â€Å"Too proud to fight?† â€Å"No,† says Atticus, â€Å"too old†. This suggests that it may seem to us at first thought that Atticus is no longer strong and fit enough to fight; but also it might mean that fighting is not something that adults should do, which implies that Bob has not grown up. As a lawyer, Atticus is again an ideal character as fair and equal and is the best man at his job. The whole fact that he took Tom Robinson’s case and listened to his conscience, when he knew he would lose, showed what sort of character Harper Lee wanted Atticus to be. He knew that the justice system at that time was prejudiced and immoral and that it was certain that Tom Robinson would be found guilty. As a father, Atticus is truthful, fair and loyal his children, Scout and Jem. He acts as both a father and a teacher to them, educating them in the social and moral expectations of their society. He treats them with respect and wants them to understand why things happen in the community, what is wrong with society and how to try and change them and improve themselves at the same time. Atticus didn’t believe in spoiling his children or shouting at them but instead he believed respect for each other. Honesty and self respect

Elegant Variation

Elegant Variation Elegant Variation Elegant Variation By Michael I learned about elegant variation from my high school English teacher, but even she taught about it with a slightly-skeptical smile. Its a rule that many writers feel bound to follow when they dont need to. According to this so-called rule, a writer should never use the same word twice in a paragraph. Newscasters follow elegant variation when they say, The Dow-Jones Industrial Average rose more than 300 points yesterday. It was the blue-chip indicators fourth straight gain. Or Chinas Sichuan province experienced another earthquake yesterday afternoon, the second in three months. The temblor measured 6.1 on the Richter scale. Admittedly, a news story might sound a bit childish if it said, The Dow-Jones gained 300 points yesterday. It was the fourth straight gain for the Dow-Jones. Too much repetition reads like a toddlers picture book. But more important than not repeating a word is not using the wrong word. I experienced several earthquakes when I lived in California, and not once did I hear anybody say, Did you feel that temblor last night? I remember one local radio newscaster who spent about twenty minutes saying basically, We had a big earthquake this morning, and we dont know anything else about it, but I have to keep talking about it because this is an all-news station and its our top story. But I dont think he ever used the word temblor. In fact, Ive never heard that word at all, except from radio announcers trying to avoid saying earthquake. Instead of asking What other word can I use the next time?, we should be asking, What better word can I add the next time?. In my first example, using the term blue-chip indicator in parallel to Dow-Jones Industrial Average defines the Dow-Jones Industrial Average as a performance indicator for blue-chip stocks. It adds to the meaning of the sentence, instead of simply providing variation. Another problem with elegant variation is that it can push your writing out of the readability zone. If youre trying to be elegant, youre probably trying to be formal. If youre trying to be formal, youre probably going to use big words that fewer readers understand (porcine instead of piggish). If youre straining to find a synonym for the right word, you may end up doing worse than finding the wrong word. You may end up with finding a word that even you dont understand. Repetition is not necessarily a bad thing. Sometimes once you find a good thing, the best course is to stick with it. My previous paragraph was stronger because of its repetition. Repetition emphasizes parallelism, which makes sentences and paragraphs more understandable. Elegance is not necessarily a good thing. When the term elegant variation was coined by Henry Watson Fowler in the 1920s, it implied precious writing overly dainty and falsely sophisticated. When I was a magazine writer, I was often faced with the desire to find a more elegant word. The Sharchops dwell in the mountains of Bhutan The Sharchops reside The Sharchops are situated near The Sharchops homeland is nestled within I decided that if I couldnt find a better way to say, The Sharchops live in eastern Bhutan, I could always say, The Sharchops live in eastern Bhutan. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Similes from Literature to Inspire You36 Poetry Terms15 Idioms for Periods of Time

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 12

Strategic Management - Essay Example As such there is a greater link between the innovation and firm level strategy that need to be supporting each other at the enterprise wide level. The innovation therefore without a concrete strategy may not be possible for the organizations to achieve in either short term or long term. Apple, one of the leading electronics manufacturing firms in the world started as a Personal computer manufacturer and was completely outclassed by its competitors in almost all segments of the business. However, over the period of time, its innovation strategy has led to it become one of the most innovative firms with a distinguished record for brining in innovative products in the market. This paper will therefore look into the innovation strategy of the Apple and explore as to how Apple was able to achieve the innovation and what are some of the strategies and tools that it used to achieve such position in the market. On April fool day in 1976, Apple Computer was invented by a Collage drop out Steven Wozniak and with his friend Steve Jobs to form a company that can manufacture and market the computer designed and developed by Steven Wozniak. By 1980s Apple was one of the leading manufacturers of the computers offering both the hardware and software in one PC. Apple Computers were considered as the State of the art computers providing both the efficiency and cost effectiveness and were phenomenonal in their ability to perform complex operations with more efficiency as compared to most of its competitors. Apple I, Apple II and Apple III were earlier models of the computers that were manufactured and marketed by the Apple by making more innovations into the overall design and technology of these computers. Thus the history of innovation at Apple is one of its earliest achievements as Apple continued to evolve its products by offering better and more

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING - Essay Example Global financial managers discuss and evaluate the financial parameters of business planning and performance. The course of Global Financial Management provides the students with a deep in-sight into the strategies used by the financial institutions and intermediaries to operate successfully in a highly dynamic and challenging environment. Students are taught the structure of financial markets, the factors that play a role in the development and breakdown of financial markets, and the way financial markets operate. The pathway of Global Financial Management provides a clear and coherent framework and educates and trains the students so that they can fully understand the challenges and deliver in the field of accounting and finance. The pathway of Global Financial Management enables the students to develop their employability skills by teaching them the mathematical techniques and operations involved in accounting and finance. Students are taught financial report writing which is a very important skill in the field of accounting and finance. Innovative financial management and strategic financial planning are some of the most required and relevant skills in the contemporary market driven by creativity and innovation. Students understand the financial capital markets in detail and develop the knowledge of annual company accounts. The pathway polishes the students’ ability to determine cashflows for the organization they work for and creates an understanding of latest developments in business thinking in the students. As a result of taking this course, students become deep thinkers and their ability to make informed decisions is improved. The pathway of Global Financial Management prepares the students to work in a variety of areas that include but are not limited to corporate finance, trading, banking, real estate,

Narrative composition and content Essay Example for Free

Narrative composition and content Essay In this essay I will talk about the narration, composition and the content of the newspapers which are published today. These three points are taken very seriously as they play the most important role in the success and failure of the newspapers which are published. I chose a broadsheet newspaper to analyse first as it has the articles in more proffesional order, its contents are trustworthy and theres a bigger audience for it. Narration of the newspapers on the frontpage of the broadsheet newspapers you would find the biggest news, something which would shock the viewers and convince them to read the newspaper. As it will be on the National News page it has to be a big news, it could be about politics, disasters in businesses or terrorist attacks anything which will grab the attention and it could be happening nationally. It would be popular and affect the people globally. See more: how to start a narrative essay for college Then it would be the local news which might be important to the viewers who live in the city which is mentioned in the newspaper but mostly everyone prefers an international paper with a good local section later in the newspaper as it may not be that important as much as the national news would be because the local news would be for a smaller audience it would come after the bigger news as it would be for the whole country. After the local news and adverts would come the Sports news pages which would be at the back of the newspaper because sports doesnt take much training or intelligence to grasp and it has a wide appeal. The reason newspapers are set up like that is because that setup makes them the most money. As the sports pages have always been at the back of the newspapers now the viewers know where to find the sports, if they dont want to see the other news they can just go to the sports area straight away and look at that, so they dont have to find it going through the whole newspaper. Â  Contents in newspapers- In tabloid newspapers we find stories of political events, crime, business, art/entertainment, society and sports similar to the broadsheet newspapers but they arent as big. The news about the ordinary people and what goes around the country which would be more emphasized, we find gossips about celebrities and their private lives etc for example The Sun they put stories for the people who are less proffessionals and look for something more humourous and fun rather than the serious crime and stressful news they find in the broadsheet newspapers. The tabloid newspapers make the news in a more intersting form with more pictures. Many people buy it to catch up with the news going around the world, as tabloids are more picture based the workers read it during their lunchtimes as a timepass and entertainment. Many readers think its really pointless It Seems that the owners of these papers care about doing is putting celebrity news as the major top stories. They have made celebrity news more important than the War on terror more important than global warming more important than the major problems this country this world is facing. Its not a real paper anymore its nothing more than a tabloid celebrity newspaper. Why changes were needed to be made to some of the newspaper content The contents in the newspapers we find today are completely different from what they were like when they first came out they actually needed to change for the better. Then they didnt care about how to please everyone and just used to put the content without looking at any audience and not thinking about the foreigners and the people from different cultures and thats why the newspapers then wernt that popular and successful whereas now the newspapers have improved and are more successful now because there are more foreign people in the country so the content needs to provide material for their interests aswell in order to gain more readers and also for that rather than having information only on british sport, they have news from all countries sport and their progress but with this the english people are also interested in other countries. The contents we find now in the newspapers are far more interesting now. In tabloids we find the news about everything but in a more humourous way even the global news would be presented in a similar way but the broadsheet newspapers are for the more serius audience who just simply want to know the news and no other interference with it they want to know more about crime, finance, stocks and shares and business although they are getting used to the entertainment and the gossip news everywhere and are started to get into these kind of topics. As the newspapers need to appeal to all different types of people with different thoughts and backgrounds even the broadsheets include small informations of the celebrities and the current affairs mixed with other news for . e. g law, art, taxes, celebs and horoscopes in the tabloid newspaper are there so that they can get more viewers. As there are more issues to discuss in the media now and the way aspects are portrayed are a lot more controversial ways to attract the readers or viewers like the page three women who are completely exposed and revealing everything to get the men viewers and the Madeleine McCann case and how the newspapers were allowed to write bias viewpoints about the situation and not jus this there are many others, tabloids are more open about their opinion but broadsheets are not so open and obvious. Even technologyy was to be blamed for the changes not to be happening in the early years as the technology wasnt as good back then the print outs and the quality of it wasnt that good either so they couldnt made it more attractive and colourful but now we can do everything so there are more changes and the newspapers look a lot better too. So this shows that the changes in the contents were quite essential to the newspapers.

The Feminist Element of Eudora Weltys The Bride of Innisfallen :: Eudora Welty The Bride of Innisfallen

The Feminist Element of Eudora Welty's The Bride of Innisfallen Suzanne Marrs' work, "Place and the Displaced in Eudora Welty's The Bride of Innisfallen, focuses on Welty's settings in the collection specifically Welty's departure from using her native Mississippi. Marrs recounts the events of Welty's life in the early 1950s, the time Welty wrote these stories, and how her journeys in Europe influenced The Bride. But one important element of Marrs' critique gets buried within the text, the feminist element of Welty's technique which gives the women of Homer's Odyssey a voice, especially Circe. Marrs wrote that Welty had reread the Odyssey after completing The Golden Apples. With the epic fresh in her mind, Welty wrote Circe, her first story for The Bride, though the fifth in the collection: In this explicit rather than allusive use of myth and in her choice of a Mediterranean setting, Welty departs from the dominant pattern of her earlier works. Ultimately, Welty decided that her direct address of the archetypal Circe could be even more inclusively archetypal, and in the wake of her European travels and of meeting with Elizabeth Bowen, she revised her periodical version of her story to insure that the story's greatest emphasis would fall not upon a female version of myth but upon the unresolvable mystery at the heart of human identity, the mystery that distinguishes men and women from gods and goddesses, the mystery involved in the quest for independence and the battle against mortality. (2) Dorothy Parker wrote, "Penelope" the story of Odysseus' wife, giving voice to Odysseus' wife. In "Penelope" she remains faithful to Odysseus during his 20 year absence and her personal strength increases. Penelope fights off unwanted suitors and runs the kingdom alone. Parkertold Penelope's story beginning a Twentieth Century feminist view of the Odyssey and telling the tales of the women with the narratives of women. Circe, who is seen as the unseemly temptress who enslaves Odysseus with her sexuality in Homer's version, is given a voice by Welty. Welty's Circe says, "In the end it takes phenomenal neatness of housekeeping to put it through the heads of men that they are swine. The Feminist Element of Eudora Welty's The Bride of Innisfallen :: Eudora Welty The Bride of Innisfallen The Feminist Element of Eudora Welty's The Bride of Innisfallen Suzanne Marrs' work, "Place and the Displaced in Eudora Welty's The Bride of Innisfallen, focuses on Welty's settings in the collection specifically Welty's departure from using her native Mississippi. Marrs recounts the events of Welty's life in the early 1950s, the time Welty wrote these stories, and how her journeys in Europe influenced The Bride. But one important element of Marrs' critique gets buried within the text, the feminist element of Welty's technique which gives the women of Homer's Odyssey a voice, especially Circe. Marrs wrote that Welty had reread the Odyssey after completing The Golden Apples. With the epic fresh in her mind, Welty wrote Circe, her first story for The Bride, though the fifth in the collection: In this explicit rather than allusive use of myth and in her choice of a Mediterranean setting, Welty departs from the dominant pattern of her earlier works. Ultimately, Welty decided that her direct address of the archetypal Circe could be even more inclusively archetypal, and in the wake of her European travels and of meeting with Elizabeth Bowen, she revised her periodical version of her story to insure that the story's greatest emphasis would fall not upon a female version of myth but upon the unresolvable mystery at the heart of human identity, the mystery that distinguishes men and women from gods and goddesses, the mystery involved in the quest for independence and the battle against mortality. (2) Dorothy Parker wrote, "Penelope" the story of Odysseus' wife, giving voice to Odysseus' wife. In "Penelope" she remains faithful to Odysseus during his 20 year absence and her personal strength increases. Penelope fights off unwanted suitors and runs the kingdom alone. Parkertold Penelope's story beginning a Twentieth Century feminist view of the Odyssey and telling the tales of the women with the narratives of women. Circe, who is seen as the unseemly temptress who enslaves Odysseus with her sexuality in Homer's version, is given a voice by Welty. Welty's Circe says, "In the end it takes phenomenal neatness of housekeeping to put it through the heads of men that they are swine.

Marxist explanations of social class inequalities Essay

In society there are many different factors which divide us and result in social inequality. In this essay, I will be covering social class. Karl Marx believed that in society, there are two major social classes, the bourgeoisie and the proletariats. The bourgeoisie are basically the upper class; in order for you to be classed as a part of them you must own the means of production such as factories etc. In order for these factories to run, they would need workers, which is where the proletariats come in. The proletariat only owns their labour force which they sell in order for a wage. Karl Marx stated that the proletariats are exploited through low pay and poor work conditions, but due to capitalism, we deal with it as were tied down to the economy. Conflict theory coined by Karl Marx suggests that suggested that social order is maintained by domination and power opposed to a shared consensus among society. This inequality is derived from social and political aspects established in s ociety. Marxists believe that social in equalities are implemented by the bourgeoisie in order to maintain a disturbance among the proletariats in order to keep them distracted from existing economic issues. A way they do this through the media. They distract the public with celebrity’s lavish lifestyles and people are tied to the economy in an attempt to imitate them. Factualists would counter this perspective claiming that social inequalities benefit society positively. They believe that it works as an incentive for individuals to work harder and achieve their maximum potential. The education system also ensures that the most suitable are picked out for the job. It also ensures that social order is maintained as people would accept their position as they had an equal chance to everyone else. Factualists also believe that the individuals at the bottom of the fragmented social scale are needed as some has to do the less attractive jobs. The New Right have a very traditional view of so ciety. They believe that women should embrace the assigned expressive role and males should be the breadwinner in the family. They have old fashioned views and are often of the Christian religion despite recent secularisation rates. The New Right are one of the few perspectives which with holds a cultural argument. They believe that failure in society is a result of the individual’s actions and choices. They believe that all the wealth within society slowly â€Å"Trickles† down to the rest of society. They believe that  business entrepreneurs create jobs for the rest of society by setting up business such as industries and factories which then create jobs; hence the wealth being distributed throughout society. Although inequalities exist and are relevant in the contemporary UK, it’s very rare that there are cases of absolute poverty due to free services provided by the government such as health care and education which then give individuals more equal life chances. Capitalism has gotten rid of many working class jobs throughout the UK such as factory jobs and mining, because of this, these working class jobs have been replaced with many middle class jobs. This has given people a better standard of living and made them more aspirational for the future. Within the past 50 years, the middle class has massively grown and become the largest social class within the UK. There are also exceptionally much more university graduates. Karl Marx was strongly against the concept of capitalism. He disliked the fact that there was income inequality. He pushed for a communist society and equality. He predicted that this would happen in the future as capitalism was unstable and was inevitable to fall. He stated that we would all achieve a class conscience and be aware of the fact that we are being exploited, realising our true value. He predicted we would all revolt against the system. The fact that we all still live in a capitalist society proves he was wrong. Sociologists such as weber countered this prediction and believed that the proletariats would be too distracted with domestic problems amongst each other forcing them to divide as opposed to sticking together.

Hamlet Tragic Flaw

Question #3: One of the essential elements of any tragic figure is his/her tragic flaw(s)-an inherent personality trait or set of traits that inevitably dooms the character to destruction. Identify and explain Hamlet’s tragic flaw(s) and how it/they bring about his downfall. A tragic flaw is a character trait that ultimately causes the downfall of the protagonist. In Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, Hamlet learns the truth behind his father's death – that he was actually murdered by his brother.Despite swearing to avenge his father, Hamlet is hesitant to take action showing that indecisiveness is his tragic flaw. However, Hamlet's outbursts of aggression at certain instances of the play shows that Hamlet's other tragic flaw is his tendency to take rash actions – the polar opposite of indecisiveness. Ironically, the combination of these two traits, Hamlet's indecision and sudden rash actions, lead to his downfall. There are several points in the book in which we se e Hamlet's indecision.One of the major scenes in which this trait of Hamlet's is clearly seen is when he observes Claudius praying. He had the perfect opportunity to avenge his father, but decided otherwise as he thinks to himself that killing Claudius while he's praying will allow him to go to heaven. Despite having all the reasons in the world to kill Claudius, Hamlet couldn't see himself take action showing his indecision. This could be seen as a reason for his downfall as if he had had the courage to take action at that moment, perhaps the bloodshed at the end of the play wouldn't have happened.It might seem confusing for a character's tragic flaws to contradict one another, but that is the case for Hamlet with his indecision and rash actions. We see this from Hamlet at various instances of the play in which he suddenly turns into a â€Å"madman†. It is most clearly portrayed when Hamlet suddenly stabs Polonius during his confrontation of his mother. It could be argued th at this course of action may have been due to the pent up anger Hamlet had with himself because of his indecision, but in my opinion, this action shows the duplicity of Hamlet's character.The fact that he could be passive one second and over aggressive the next. Had Hamlet hesitated for a moment rather than mindlessly stabbing Polonius, he could have avoided the bloodbath that followed. Throughout the play, Hamlet's indecision could be seen constantly as he comes up with one excuse after another to delay killing Claudius. At some instances however, we see Hamlet take rash actions as seen when he stabs Polonius without hesitation. Although these two traits are complete opposites of one another, both play a major role in Hamlet's downfall – a fact that makes him such a unique tragic character.

Free Essays on Leadership In Hospitality Industry

LEADERSHIP IN HOSPITALITY CEO Mary Mahoney stated, â€Å"leadership is having a plan, getting a group of people to follow you down a certain path, and encouraging them along the way that will lead to successful achievement of the plan† (Greger; Peterson 2000, p.17). Determining a leader in the hotel-motel business would be difficult because of how the properties are classified. The type of service provided by the business determines the rating of the property. Motel 6 is considered a one- star because it does not offer any amenities. Quality Inn is a two-star because it only offers a continental breakfast. Courtyards by Marriott are considered three-star because it offers breakfast, lunch, a bar and laundry services. The Hilton is a four-star because it offers a restaurant, banquets, room service, and shuttle service. A five-star can offer a variety of services ranging from twenty-four hour service for restaurant, room service, personal maid or butler, spa-salon, valet parking, workout center and a business center. Banquets, concierge, dry cleaning are also offered. The Westin and Renaissance, are the only five-star hotels in Oklahoma. The success of a business depends one a focused leader with a plan, the ability to lead and knowledge of what it takes to be a leader. Accor Properties is an excellent example of leaders that are focused with a plan. They are now the third largest in the world in rooms. This company is based out of France but plans to make a definite impression on the United States market in the future. The company leaders are targeting the areas of technology and reservation in order to accomplishing their goal. Accor leader’s contributes much of their business success to diversity. Joint ventures in the casinos, food industry, voucher system, timeshares, cruise, holiday vacation packages are helping them to achieve their fu... Free Essays on Leadership In Hospitality Industry Free Essays on Leadership In Hospitality Industry LEADERSHIP IN HOSPITALITY CEO Mary Mahoney stated, â€Å"leadership is having a plan, getting a group of people to follow you down a certain path, and encouraging them along the way that will lead to successful achievement of the plan† (Greger; Peterson 2000, p.17). Determining a leader in the hotel-motel business would be difficult because of how the properties are classified. The type of service provided by the business determines the rating of the property. Motel 6 is considered a one- star because it does not offer any amenities. Quality Inn is a two-star because it only offers a continental breakfast. Courtyards by Marriott are considered three-star because it offers breakfast, lunch, a bar and laundry services. The Hilton is a four-star because it offers a restaurant, banquets, room service, and shuttle service. A five-star can offer a variety of services ranging from twenty-four hour service for restaurant, room service, personal maid or butler, spa-salon, valet parking, workout center and a business center. Banquets, concierge, dry cleaning are also offered. The Westin and Renaissance, are the only five-star hotels in Oklahoma. The success of a business depends one a focused leader with a plan, the ability to lead and knowledge of what it takes to be a leader. Accor Properties is an excellent example of leaders that are focused with a plan. They are now the third largest in the world in rooms. This company is based out of France but plans to make a definite impression on the United States market in the future. The company leaders are targeting the areas of technology and reservation in order to accomplishing their goal. Accor leader’s contributes much of their business success to diversity. Joint ventures in the casinos, food industry, voucher system, timeshares, cruise, holiday vacation packages are helping them to achieve their fu...

The Longevity of the Persian Empire

The Longevity of the Persian Empire The original Persian (or Achaemenid) empire, as established by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century B.C., only lasted approximately 200 years until the death of Darius III in 330 B.C., following his defeat by Alexander the Great. The core territories of the empire were then ruled by Macedonian dynasties, primarily the Seleucids, until the late 2nd century BC. During the early 2nd century B.C., however, the Parthians (who were not Persians but rather descended from a branch of the Scythians) set up a new kingdom in eastern Iran, originally in a breakaway province of the Seleucid empire. Over the next half-century, they gradually took over much of the rest of what had once been Persian-controlled territory, adding Media, Persia, and Babylonia to their holdings. Roman writers of the early imperial period sometimes refer to this or that emperor going to war with Persia, but this is really a poetic or archaic way of referring to the Parthian kingdom. Sassanid Dynasty The Parthians (also referred to as the Arsacid dynasty) remained in control until the early 3rd century A.D., but by that time their state was seriously weakened by in-fighting and they were overthrown by the native Persian Sassanid dynasty, who were militant Zoroastrians. According to Herodian, the Sassanids laid claim to all the territory once ruled by the Achaemenids (much of which was now in Roman hands) and, at least for propaganda purposes, decided to pretend that the 550 years since the death of Darius III had never happened! They continued to whittle away at Roman territory for the next 400 years, eventually coming to control most of the provinces once ruled by Cyrus et al. This all fell apart, however, when the Roman emperor Heraclius launched a successful counter-invasion in A.D. 623-628, which threw the Persian state into total chaos from which it never recovered. Shortly afterward, the Muslim hordes invaded and Persia lost its independence until the 16th century when the Safavid dynasty came to power. Facade of Continuity The Shahs of Iran maintained the pretense of an unbroken continuity from the days of Cyrus, and the last one holding a huge pageant in 1971 to celebrate the 2500th anniversary of the Persian empire, but he wasnt fooling anyone familiar with the history of the region. While the Persian Empire seems to have eclipsed all others, Persia was a great power in 400 B.C. and controlled much of the Ionian coast. We also hear of Persia much later at the time of Hadrian and, by all accounts, Rome avoided prolonged conflict with this rival power.

Macroeconomics Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Macroeconomics - Dissertation Example The Future of US Dollar: Still the Preferred International Currency 23 2.2.3. The Future of US Dollar: The Beginning of the End 26 2.2.4. The Future of the US Dollar: Bretton Woods III or IV? 29 2.3. Some Observations 35 Summary 36 Chapter 3 Findings and Discussion 37 3.0. Introduction 37 3.1. The US Dollar and Its uncontested hegemony as International Money 38 3.2. The Future of the US Dollar: The Challenge to the System 40 3.3. The Alternative 42 Chapter 4 Conclusion and Recommendation 43 4.0. Conclusion 43 4.1. Recommendation 44 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.0. Introduction Economic history is the story of the gradual evolution and extension of the economic community from its origin of a single household to encompass the nation and the world. In its current stage, globalisation transforms the relationship among nations, highlighting the greater interdependence and integration among countries in economic activities in particular and all facets of society in general (Suarez-Orozco and Qi n-Hilliard 2004). The recent global economic meltdown shows how interconnected countries are – the financial debacle started as a sub-prime crisis in the United States, but its effect has an impact on the â€Å"raised global financial fragility. The bubble blew up first in one place and then in another, moving around the globe† (Wade 2008, p. 40). ... reserve currency of many countries around the globe; reserve-management plays a crucial role in assisting the country during the global economic crisis (Obstfeld and Rogoff 2009). Self-insurance, which means large stock of international reserves in time of stability, may enhance the financial stability of a country. However, in a system in which many countries hold their reserves as their form of liquidity insurance, it has a destabilising effect (Obstfeld and Rogoff 2009). As such, understanding the role of US Dollar in today’s monetary system is pivotal in determining and developing appropriate national financial policies deem responsive to issues arising during times of financial uncertainties and instability. 1.1. Objectives of the Research Considering the status of US Dollar as the basic international currency, the condition of globalisation and its ensuing interdependence among countries, especially in financial and economic activities and transactions, the following are the objectives of the research. †¢ To understand and examine the role of US Dollar as an international currency. †¢ To determine its future role in international monetary system. †¢ To discuss the role of US Dollar as an international medium of exchange, as a store of value, an anchor currency in the exchange rate regimes and its use for Invoicing of Exports †¢ To validate the use of US Dollar as a primary currency in official foreign exchange reserves and as transaction currency in capital and foreign exchange markets †¢ To explore other feasible alternatives to the US Dollar as an international currency 1.2. Research Questions The two primary questions of the research are (1) what is the role of US Dollar in today’s international monetary system. In addition, (2) What are the future